babbitt



B. T. BABBITT. AIR oommusme ENGINE.-

Patented July 14, 1868.

gotten girdles git-1211i @fftm,

B. 'r. B'AVBB'IITT, OF-NEW Yemen. Y.

Letters Patent No; 79,939, dated July 14, 1868.

dip dgetultrizfrtrrt it ixrilgrsc gdtrrs tlatmt zmt mating part rt flge 531M.

TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it linown that I, B. T. BABBITT', of the city, county, and Statc of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Motors or Power-Generators, of which the following is a full, clennaiid exactdescription, reference being hadto the-accompanying drawing,'forming part of thisspecification, andjn which Figure 1 represents a sectional view of the motor, taken transversely through the axis ofits cylindenand Figure 2, a section of the same, at right angles -to fig. 1,-through the line rt 2 in the latter figure. Siinilarletters ofreference indicate corresponding parts. t

My invention consists ina novel method of accumulating or generating power through the compression of a fiuid, such as air or gas, by means of a detached or independent piston of considerable weight, and having a,

rotary rnotion ortravel within a cylinder or case provided with a slide or slides, to allow of the passage of the piston, and forming an abutment for theimpelling-power,which gives-the startipg irnpctus or force at intervals to establish and continue the motion of the piston, and which may be a powerful gaseous explosion, steam of a high pressure, or other expansive force, to secure to the piston its necessary momentum.

V fi l. @159 opsistsin a certain cons'tructionand combination of aidetached or independent piston, having a rotary travel with the slide or sliding abutments to the cylinder'or case, whereby the piston is made to operate directly on'the abutments tolopen them, and whereby'th'e latter, in closing, may be caused to regulate the admission of the starting or inlpclling-power I Referring to the accompanying drawing, represents the cylinder or case, constructed to form an annular chamber, 13, in or through and around which the piston O'is made to travel. This piston is of a loose or detached characterfroui any outside connections, and should be of considerable weight, the same running on and being gu ideduby, itmay-be, roller did, carried by it Saidpis ton is of a hlock or solid form, corresponding preferably, forthe greaterpdrtion' of its-length, to the annular chamber 13, but sharpened at.its forward end, 6, so that I the piston as it tifiavelswv'ill readily enter between slides orabutments D D, provided in the cylinder A, and, operating asaivedgqope'n said abutments, to permit of thelpassage of the piston through them, after which the abutinents, -tlla-tniayhave aradial action in boxes E E, close by the action of springs c c, or their equivalents. If desired to produce a gradual closing of tl1c.abutmcnts,..t.he roar end-of the piston may also be sharpened or taperedodl Either one or'more swinging a'butmcnts inay, if preferred, be substituted for the radially sliding ones,and, if desired, the annular space 13 may be (livided' by more than one abutment, or set of abutments, at difi'ere'nt-points intits lcngth v I Thepiston 0, however, is here shown as made with 'a straight baeli', to prevent loss of" the expansive force employed to start or impel it, and, as seen in fig. 2, is represented in the position when its impetus should be imparted to it, say, byiajet of steam of'high pressure, or explosion or expansion of gas introduced, for a limited period of action, by a pzissage, d, to the back of the piston, and between it and the closed abutrnents, andwhich, giving a starting-impetus to the piston, causes it,'by the aid of its momentum, to be shot or worked as a projectile roundthe annular space E, and, as its velocity slackens, but previously to the expenditureof its force,

to open the abutments DD, Fora repetition of the like action, on the abutments closing again in rear of the piston, which, "as it is thus made to rotate, compresses air or gas, received through inlet-valves e c, from any suitable source before it nnd cxpels the same through an 0utlct-pipe,f, provided with avalve opening outwards to any suitable reservoir or otherwise, for direct use in any required manner, as a motive-power or force. l A passage, Lg, may be cut through the piston, near its forward end, to'allow of the escapee? compressed air from itsinner face to its outer one, and from Lthenee. through the outlet-pipef, on the piston approaching and entering between the abutzncnts. 5 r v The :ibutrnents D may be provided'with adjusting-rods hit, the one of which, as'its slide or abutment isopened and closed again, may scrve t o let in the jet of impelling steam or gas through the passage d by said rod,as the abutment opens, striking and moving backwards a lever; Ia, acted upon bye/spring, Z, and carrying a. pawl, wawhichlslips over a toothof a'ratchet-wheeh n, and,'o n the abu'trnentclosing, urges the wh'eel'forward mess 2 a tooth by the action of the spring Z, and in so doingtemporarily opens a valve for the admission of the impel- .ling fluid or gas, or, as shown in the drawing, rotates cylinder or magazine, 19, having powder-chambers s, supplied by avessel or tube, 9', in such manner. as to bring the one of said chambers opposite the passage d, when the'same is fixed by an'electric current or otherwise; but as this formsno part of my present invention/and is described in another pending application byme for Lstters Patent of the United States, and the details of which may be varied 'at pleasure, or any suitable impelling-jet let in to give astarting-impetus to the piston, as the abutments areclosed over or in rear of it, there is no necessity here to further refer to the same. By the rotary motion of the piston, in-contradistinction to a reciprocating one, the momentum of the piston, operating as a projectile, is made continuous,.a nd its capacity for generating power thereby increased.

What is here claimed, and desired to be secured by'Letters Patent, is 1. A motor or power-generator,operating to compress air or gas by the rotary travel or action, within a cylinder or annularchamber, provided with one or more abutmeats and suitable inlet and outlet-passages of a ,loose or detached and independent piston, having imparted to it at intervalspower to establish and eontinueits ,momentum by any suitable explosive force orexpansion of gas or vapor, substantially asspecified.

v 2. The cornbinationof a loose or independent piston operating within a cylinder or annular chamber, substantially-as described, with asliding abutment or abutments in such manner, and said parts or devices being so constructed as that the piston in its rotation is caused to open and operate the abutment or abutments by contact with the sonic, essentially as and for the purpose or purposes herein set forth. 4 I

' B. T. BABBITT.

Witnesses:

J. W. Commas, A. Ln CLERC. 

